Why GPS Clocks Experience Time Dilation: Understanding the Science

Discover why GPS clocks run slower and how relativity affects their timekeeping in our detailed Q&A.

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GPS clocks run slower because they are affected by both gravitational time dilation and the high speed at which satellites orbit the Earth. According to Einstein's theory of relativity, clocks in stronger gravitational fields (closer to Earth) run slower. Conversely, the high speeds of satellites cause time dilation, making their clocks run slower too. GPS systems continuously adjust for these differences to maintain accurate positioning data.

FAQs & Answers

  1. What is gravitational time dilation? Gravitational time dilation occurs when time runs slower in stronger gravitational fields, as described by Einstein's theory of relativity.
  2. How do GPS satellites maintain accuracy? GPS satellites continuously adjust their clocks for time dilation effects due to their high orbit speed and Earth's gravity.
  3. Why does speed affect time measurement? According to relativity, objects moving at high speeds experience time more slowly compared to those at rest, known as time dilation.
  4. Can time dilation affect everyday technologies? Yes, time dilation impacts many technologies including GPS, affecting positioning accuracy if not compensated for.

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