Understanding Monohybrid Crosses in Genetics

Explore what a monohybrid cross is and how it predicts traits in offspring using Punnett squares.

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A genetic cross involving only one character is known as a monohybrid cross. It examines the inheritance of a single trait, like flower color in peas. By crossing two individuals heterozygous for a trait (e.g., Aa x Aa), you can predict the offspring's genotypes and phenotypes using a Punnett square, showing a 3:1 ratio in the phenotype.

FAQs & Answers

  1. What is the difference between a monohybrid and dihybrid cross? A monohybrid cross involves a single trait determined by one gene, while a dihybrid cross involves two traits determined by two genes.
  2. How do you use a Punnett square? A Punnett square displays the possible genotypes of offspring based on the genetic makeup of the parents, allowing predictions of traits.
  3. What does 3:1 ratio in a Punnett square indicate? The 3:1 ratio indicates a dominant to recessive phenotype ratio when two heterozygous individuals are crossed.
  4. Can a monohybrid cross be used for any trait? Yes, a monohybrid cross can be used for any trait that is determined by a single gene with dominant and recessive alleles.